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infusion-pump

regulated smart-pump devices with drug-library servers

BD Alaris, Baxter Novum IQ, ICU Medical Plum, B. Braun Space, Fresenius Kabi Agilia

SystemTechniques · 25Primitives · 84 infusion-pump Deterministic simulation testingdistributed · medium: Run the whole system in one thread under a seeded scheduler with simulated network, disk and clock, so every failure replays from its seed.›Primary-backup replicationdistributed · medium: One node orders all writes and ships them to standbys; the acknowledgement rule (none, one, all) sets what a crash loses, and an external arbiter decides who takes over.›A/B partition updatesembedded · medium: Two bootable slots and a small atomic metadata block: write the new image to the idle slot, try it once, and fall back by itself unless it reports healthy.›Alarm managementembedded · medium: Turn raw process limits into a few actionable operator alarms with delay, deadband, acknowledge and shelving states, plus flood measurement.›Battery state estimationembedded · medium: State of charge / health / power from coulomb counting, OCV curves and model-based observersFault tree analysisembedded · medium: Write the unwanted top event as AND/OR logic over component failures, reduce it to minimal cut sets, then compute its probability and each failure's share.›Safety-critical coding standardsembedded · medium: Which rule sets (MISRA C, CERT C, JPL Power of Ten, Rust lint subsets) apply when software must not fail, what they forbid, and how to enforce them in CI.›Watchdog timerembedded · low: A hardware down-counter that resets the chip unless software proves, in time and in a plausible pattern, that it is still healthy.›Secure boot chainsecurity · low: Each boot stage verifies the signature of the next before running it, anchored in an immutable ROM key hash, with version counters against downgrade and a TPM log of what ran.›Hierarchical state machinesystems · low: Nest states so a substate inherits its parent's reactions and only overrides what differs, with ordered entry and exit actions along the path.›Barcode symbologiesdata-structures · low: Encode/decode 1D and 2D barcodes (Code 128, DataMatrix, QR) with their error correctionHdr histogramdata-structures · low: Log-linear bucketed histograms with bounded relative error for latency percentilesFixed-rate control loopembedded · low: Run a controller at an exact period using absolute deadlines and a fixed dt, so jitter never accumulates and the math stays valid.›Preemptive priority schedulingembedded · low: Always run the highest-priority ready task, switching the instant a higher one becomes ready; selection is O(1) with one FIFO per priority and a bitmap.›Soft hard limitsembedded · low: Pump drug library with per-drug soft and hard limits on dose rate and concentration, by care area, checked before infusion startsProcess supervisionhardware-os · low: A parent process starts services, reaps their exits and restarts them under a delay and burst-limit policy, then stops them with SIGTERM before SIGKILL.›Hl7v2 message parsingnetworking · low: HL7 v2 pipe-delimited segments, escaping, ACKs and MLLP framing for clinical interfacesPID controllerrobotics · low: Drive a measured value to a setpoint with three terms on the error: proportional, integral, derivative. The default feedback loop for motors, heaters, drones and gimbals.›Step pulse schedulingrobotics · low: Timer-scheduled stepper pulses (DDA/Bresenham, precomputed step times) synchronized across axesMutual TLSsecurity · low: TLS where the client also proves a certificate key, so every connection carries a verified, rotatable machine identity.›IIR and FIR filterssignal-processing · low: Two ways to shape a sampled signal's spectrum: FIR (finite taps, always stable, exact linear phase) or IIR (feedback, a few coefficients, cheap but phase-distorting).›Graceful drainingsystems · low: On a termination signal, stop taking new work, finish in-flight work until a deadline, tell clients to reconnect elsewhere, then exit; clients resume from a token.›Cooperative schedulingconcurrency · low: Green threads/coroutines yielding at await points on a user-space scheduler+ 18 more techniques+ 68 more primitives

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