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motor-drive

variable-frequency drives and traction inverters

ABB ACS880, Siemens SINAMICS, EV inverters

SystemTechniques · 28Primitives · 82 motor-drive Direct torque controlcontrol · medium: Select inverter voltage vectors from a switching table by comparing estimated torque and stator flux against hysteresis bandsDeterministic simulation testingdistributed · medium: Run the whole system in one thread under a seeded scheduler with simulated network, disk and clock, so every failure replays from its seed.›Primary-backup replicationdistributed · medium: One node orders all writes and ships them to standbys; the acknowledgement rule (none, one, all) sets what a crash loses, and an external arbiter decides who takes over.›A/B partition updatesembedded · medium: Two bootable slots and a small atomic metadata block: write the new image to the idle slot, try it once, and fall back by itself unless it reports healthy.›Fault detection isolation recoveryembedded · medium: Monitor/response tables, fault isolation and safe-mode recovery hierarchies for autonomous systemsSafety-critical coding standardsembedded · medium: Which rule sets (MISRA C, CERT C, JPL Power of Ten, Rust lint subsets) apply when software must not fail, what they forbid, and how to enforce them in CI.›Safety monitor architectureembedded · medium: Independent doer/checker safety monitor that forces a safe state when the main channel misbehavesWatchdog timerembedded · low: A hardware down-counter that resets the chip unless software proves, in time and in a plausible pattern, that it is still healthy.›Fixed-rate control loopembedded · low: Run a controller at an exact period using absolute deadlines and a fixed dt, so jitter never accumulates and the math stays valid.›PWM generationembedded · low: A timer's counter, period and compare registers draw the pulse train; preload, dead time and DMA make duty changes glitch-free, shoot-through-free and cheap.›PID controllerrobotics · low: Drive a measured value to a setpoint with three terms on the error: proportional, integral, derivative. The default feedback loop for motors, heaters, drones and gimbals.›Phase-locked loop (digital)signal-processing · low: Feedback loop that locks a local oscillator to the phase and frequency of an input tone; the core of carrier recovery, clock recovery and GNSS tracking.›Hdr histogramdata-structures · low: Log-linear bucketed histograms with bounded relative error for latency percentilesCan bus framingembedded · low: CAN / CAN FD frames, bitwise arbitration, bit stuffing, CRC and error confinementDma transfersembedded · low: DMA controllers: descriptors, circular buffers, cache coherence for zero-CPU data movementGate drive desat protectionembedded · low: Detect IGBT/MOSFET short circuit by watching Vce/Vds while on (desaturation), blank briefly, then soft turn-off and latch a faultReal time fieldbusembedded · low: Deterministic cyclic fieldbuses (EtherCAT, PROFINET IRT): on-the-fly frames, distributed clocksUds diagnosticsembedded · low: UDS (ISO 14229) diagnostic services: sessions, security access, DTCs, flashingDeterministic fixed-point mathgame-networking · low: Bit-identical simulation math across CPUs, compilers and builds: integer fixed-point formats, the float traps (FMA, x87, fast-math, libm), deterministic trig, sqrt and RNG.›Interrupt handlinghardware-os · low: How a device signal reaches a CPU handler through an interrupt controller and vector table, and how top/bottom halves, polling switch-over and coalescing keep load bounded.›Process supervisionhardware-os · low: A parent process starts services, reaps their exits and restarts them under a delay and burst-limit policy, then stops them with SIGTERM before SIGKILL.›Extended Kalman filterrobotics · low: Kalman filter for nonlinear motion and measurement models: linearize f and h with Jacobians at the current estimate each step. The default estimator in robot navigation.›Mutual TLSsecurity · low: TLS where the client also proves a certificate key, so every connection carries a verified, rotatable machine identity.›+ 21 more techniques+ 66 more primitives

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