← Back
Home › Systems › Energy, industry and public infrastructure

utility-cis

utility customer information and billing

SAP IS-U, Oracle CC&B, Itineris UMAX

SystemTechniques · 10Primitives · 32 utility-cis Batch checkpoint restartdistributed · medium: Large batch jobs (end-of-day, settlement, payroll runs) that checkpoint and restart idempotentlyDurable workflow executiondistributed · medium: Ordinary code made crash-proof by logging every side-effect result and replaying the code from that log; activities run at least once, workflow logic must be deterministic.›Transactional outboxdistributed · medium: Write the event as a row in the same local transaction as the state change; a relay publishes it later at-least-once, so state and events never diverge.›Payment state machinefinance · medium: Persisted state machine for a payment lifecycle (authorize, capture, void, refund) that treats timeouts as unknown, retries with the same key and applies webhooks idempotently.›Tariff ratingfinance · medium: Rate usage events against price plans: tiers, time bands, bundles and rounding rulesBitemporal datastorage · medium: Valid time plus transaction time on every record for as-of queries, back-dating and correctionsDurable job queuedistributed · medium: Persisted tasks that workers lease for a visibility timeout, ack on success and retry with backoff; at-least-once execution that survives worker and queue crashes.›Idempotency keysfinance · low: Client-chosen unique key per logical operation, stored with a request fingerprint and the final response, so retries replay the first result instead of acting twice.›Largest remainder roundingfinance · low: Splitting an amount into parts that sum exactly (largest remainder / Hamilton) for allocations, splits and prorationsMoney representationfinance · low: Store money as integer minor units with an explicit currency exponent, compute in wider integers, and round once with a named rounding mode.›Calendar date arithmeticsystems · low: Civil dates, time zones (tzdb), DST gaps, month-end anchoring and duration mathDouble-entry ledgerfinance · low: Append-only journal of transactions whose postings sum to zero per currency; balances are derived, so money can only move, never appear or vanish.›Proration calculationfinance · low: Prorating charges and credits for mid-cycle plan changes by time usedGapless sequence numbersstorage · low: Gap-free, monotonic numbering (invoices, journal entries) under concurrency and rollbacksOptimistic concurrency controlstorage · low: Run transactions without locks, record what they read, and validate at commit that nothing changed; fastest when conflicts are rare.›Business day calendarssystems · low: Holiday calendars, business-day adjustment rules (following, modified following) and settlement cyclesWrite-ahead logstorage · low: Append each change to a checksummed sequential log and fsync it before touching data pages; the basis of crash durability in nearly every database.›Cron schedulingsystems · low: Cron expression parsing and next-fire-time computation, with catch-up and time-zone rulesRecord replaydistributed · low: Record every nondeterministic input (time, randomness, I/O, model and tool outputs, per-tick player input) and re-execute deterministically for debugging, replays and state rebuildEvent sourcingfinance · low: Persist state changes as an append-only stream of immutable events per entity; current state is a fold over them, guarded by expected-version appends.›Hierarchical timing wheelsystems · low: Timers bucketed by expiry into wheels of slots, coarser wheels for far deadlines: O(1) insert and cancel for millions of timeouts.›Event deduplication windowdistributed · low: Keep the ids of recently accepted events for a time window and drop repeats; memory stays bounded by rotating time buckets instead of per-entry timers.›Exponential backoff with jittersystems · low: Retry after delays that grow geometrically and are randomized, so failed clients spread out instead of hammering a recovering service in synchronized waves.›+ 3 more techniques+ 16 more primitives

Similar systems

Share the most building blocks with this one.

energy-retail-billing 50 %payroll 48 %billing 39 %insurance-policy-admin 38 %lending-platform 33 %