mhtirogla
Home
Systems
API
Pricing
About
Log in
← Back
Home
›
Systems
›
Telecom
ran
radio access network
O-RAN, vRAN
System
Techniques · 7
Primitives · 31
ran
Clock synchronization
distributed · medium: Estimate a clock's offset from four timestamps, filter out queueing noise, and steer the clock smoothly; NTP gets about a millisecond, PTP with hardware timestamps under a microsecond.
›
Channel estimation
signal-processing · medium: Pilot-based LS/MMSE channel estimation and interpolation across time and frequency
Ldpc codes
signal-processing · medium: Low-density parity-check codes with soft-decision min-sum decoding, used in NAND flash
Link adaptation
signal-processing · medium: Choose modulation and coding from channel quality with outer-loop BLER control
Mimo detection
signal-processing · medium: Linear MMSE, SIC and sphere decoding to separate spatially multiplexed streams
Ofdm time frequency synchronization
signal-processing · medium: Cell search and synchronization: PSS/SSS correlation, CFO and timing estimation
Polar codes
signal-processing · medium: Polar codes with successive-cancellation list decoding and CRC aid
Fast Fourier transform
numerics · low: Computes the DFT in O(n log n) by recursively splitting into even and odd halves; the basis of fast convolution and spectral methods.
›
Ofdm modulation
signal-processing · low: OFDM via IFFT/FFT, cyclic prefix, subcarrier mapping and PAPR handling
SIMD programming
hardware-os · low: Process 4-16 lanes per instruction with AVX2, AVX-512 or NEON via Rust std::arch, with runtime dispatch and a portable fallback.
›
Qam soft demapping
signal-processing · low: PSK/QAM constellation mapping and max-log LLR soft demapping for decoders
Hybrid arq
signal-processing · low: HARQ with chase/incremental-redundancy soft combining and parallel stop-and-wait processes
CRC32C checksums
hardware-os · low: The Castagnoli CRC-32 with dedicated instructions on x86 (SSE4.2) and ARMv8. It is the standard fast integrity check for storage blocks, logs and network frames.
›
Block floating point compression
compression · low: Shared-exponent block floating point for IQ samples (fronthaul) and low-bit numeric data
Real time linux scheduling
embedded · low: PREEMPT_RT, SCHED_FIFO/DEADLINE, CPU isolation and mlockall for low-jitter loops
Asn1 encoding
networking · low: ASN.1 schemas with BER/DER/PER encodings used in X.509 and 3GPP signalling
Kernel-bypass networking
networking · low: User space (DPDK, AF_XDP) or an in-driver eBPF hook (XDP) handles packets straight from NIC rings, skipping sockets, for 10-40 Mpps per core.
›
Sctp protocol
networking · low: SCTP multi-streaming, multi-homing and message framing for telecom signalling
Beamforming
signal-processing · low: Phased-array weights that steer radio energy toward a receiver; per-client steering vectors
Proportional fair scheduling
signal-processing · low: Radio resource scheduling by rate over average throughput, balancing cell capacity and fairness
PID controller
robotics · low: Drive a measured value to a setpoint with three terms on the error: proportional, integral, derivative. The default feedback loop for motors, heaters, drones and gimbals.
›
Phase-locked loop (digital)
signal-processing · low: Feedback loop that locks a local oscillator to the phase and frequency of an input tone; the core of carrier recovery, clock recovery and GNSS tracking.
›
Robust statistics
statistics · low: Location and scale estimates (median, MAD, trimmed mean, Huber M-estimator) that stay correct when a minority of the data is garbage.
›
+ 15 more primitives
System
Techniques · 7
Primitives · 31
ran
Clock synchronization
distributed · medium: Estimate a clock's offset from four timestamps, filter out queueing noise, and steer the clock smoothly; NTP gets about a millisecond, PTP with hardware timestamps under a microsecond.
›
Channel estimation
signal-processing · medium: Pilot-based LS/MMSE channel estimation and interpolation across time and frequency
Ldpc codes
signal-processing · medium: Low-density parity-check codes with soft-decision min-sum decoding, used in NAND flash
Link adaptation
signal-processing · medium: Choose modulation and coding from channel quality with outer-loop BLER control
Mimo detection
signal-processing · medium: Linear MMSE, SIC and sphere decoding to separate spatially multiplexed streams
Ofdm time frequency synchronization
signal-processing · medium: Cell search and synchronization: PSS/SSS correlation, CFO and timing estimation
Polar codes
signal-processing · medium: Polar codes with successive-cancellation list decoding and CRC aid
Fast Fourier transform
numerics · low: Computes the DFT in O(n log n) by recursively splitting into even and odd halves; the basis of fast convolution and spectral methods.
›
Ofdm modulation
signal-processing · low: OFDM via IFFT/FFT, cyclic prefix, subcarrier mapping and PAPR handling
SIMD programming
hardware-os · low: Process 4-16 lanes per instruction with AVX2, AVX-512 or NEON via Rust std::arch, with runtime dispatch and a portable fallback.
›
Qam soft demapping
signal-processing · low: PSK/QAM constellation mapping and max-log LLR soft demapping for decoders
Hybrid arq
signal-processing · low: HARQ with chase/incremental-redundancy soft combining and parallel stop-and-wait processes
CRC32C checksums
hardware-os · low: The Castagnoli CRC-32 with dedicated instructions on x86 (SSE4.2) and ARMv8. It is the standard fast integrity check for storage blocks, logs and network frames.
›
Block floating point compression
compression · low: Shared-exponent block floating point for IQ samples (fronthaul) and low-bit numeric data
Real time linux scheduling
embedded · low: PREEMPT_RT, SCHED_FIFO/DEADLINE, CPU isolation and mlockall for low-jitter loops
Asn1 encoding
networking · low: ASN.1 schemas with BER/DER/PER encodings used in X.509 and 3GPP signalling
Kernel-bypass networking
networking · low: User space (DPDK, AF_XDP) or an in-driver eBPF hook (XDP) handles packets straight from NIC rings, skipping sockets, for 10-40 Mpps per core.
›
Sctp protocol
networking · low: SCTP multi-streaming, multi-homing and message framing for telecom signalling
Beamforming
signal-processing · low: Phased-array weights that steer radio energy toward a receiver; per-client steering vectors
Proportional fair scheduling
signal-processing · low: Radio resource scheduling by rate over average throughput, balancing cell capacity and fairness
PID controller
robotics · low: Drive a measured value to a setpoint with three terms on the error: proportional, integral, derivative. The default feedback loop for motors, heaters, drones and gimbals.
›
Phase-locked loop (digital)
signal-processing · low: Feedback loop that locks a local oscillator to the phase and frequency of an input tone; the core of carrier recovery, clock recovery and GNSS tracking.
›
Robust statistics
statistics · low: Location and scale estimates (median, MAD, trimmed mean, Huber M-estimator) that stay correct when a minority of the data is garbage.
›
LU and Cholesky factorization
numerics · low: Factor A = PLU (any square matrix, partial pivoting) or A = LLᵀ (SPD) once in O(n³), then solve each right-hand side in O(n²).
›
Spline interpolation
numerics · low: Linear, bilinear/trilinear and cubic spline interpolation on grids and tables
Sparse matrices (CSR)
numerics · low: Compressed sparse row stores only nonzeros as row pointers, column indices and values; SpMV streams them once, so it is memory-bandwidth bound.
›
Exponential smoothing (ETS, Holt-Wi…
statistics · low: Forecast by keeping a few running states (level, trend, seasonal) updated by a fraction of each forecast error; O(1) memory per series and a strong baseline.
›
d-ary heap
data-structures · low: Array heap with d children per node (d = 4 typical): half the binary heap's depth, siblings in one cache line, faster priority queues.
›
Peak detection
signal-processing · low: Robust peak and event detection in noisy signals with adaptive thresholds and refractory periods
Top-k selection
search-sort · low: Keep the k best of n items without sorting all n - bounded min-heap for streams, quickselect for arrays, threshold pruning to skip most items.
›
False sharing
concurrency · low: Independent variables written by different cores on one cache line force the line to bounce between cores; pad or regroup hot data to fix it.
›
Memory ordering
concurrency · low: What Relaxed, Acquire, Release and SeqCst atomics actually guarantee, what they cost on x86 and ARM, and which one each pattern needs.
›
SPSC ring buffer
data-structures · low: Bounded wait-free queue for exactly one producer and one consumer thread, built from an array and two indices with acquire/release ordering.
›
CPU caches and the memory hierarchy
hardware-os · low: Sizes, line widths and latencies of L1/L2/L3/DRAM on modern x86 and Apple M-series, and the data-layout rules that follow from them.
›
Huge pages
hardware-os · low: 2 MB/1 GB pages to cut TLB misses; THP vs explicit hugetlbfs
Numa aware allocation
hardware-os · low: Allocate memory and pin threads on the local NUMA node; first-touch and interleave policies
Ebpf xdp
networking · low: EBPF programs at the XDP/tc hooks for in-kernel packet processing at line rate
Receive side scaling
networking · low: NIC hashing of flows to RX queues (RSS) and symmetric hashing for per-core processing
Copy for AI
Similar systems
Share the most building blocks with this one.
baseband-modem
43 %
cable-access
21 %