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office-suite

office suite: documents, spreadsheets, slides

Microsoft 365, Google Workspace, Zoho Workplace

SystemTechniques · 17Primitives · 63 office-suite Deterministic simulation testingdistributed · medium: Run the whole system in one thread under a seeded scheduler with simulated network, disk and clock, so every failure replays from its seed.›Operational transformationdistributed · medium: Transform concurrent edits against each other for collaborative text editingPrimary-backup replicationdistributed · medium: One node orders all writes and ships them to standbys; the acknowledgement rule (none, one, all) sets what a crash loses, and an external arbiter decides who takes over.›Pub/sub fan-outdistributed · medium: Deliver one published message to every subscriber of a topic by sharing one encoded payload and giving each connection a bounded queue with an explicit slow-consumer policy.›Rich text document modelgraphics · medium: Schema-constrained document trees with marks, positions and transactional steps (ProseMirror-style)Text shapinggraphics · medium: Map Unicode to positioned glyphs via OpenType GSUB/GPOS lookups, clusters and complex scriptsMyers diffsearch-sort · medium: Greedy O(ND) shortest edit script between two sequences, the default of git and GNU diff; fast when the inputs are similar.›Topological sortgraphs · low: Order the vertices of a DAG so every edge points forward; the core of build systems, schedulers and dependency resolution, with cycle detection for free.›Pratt parsingcompilers · low: Table-driven expression parsing with one loop and a numeric binding power per operator; the compact core of precedence handling in hand-written parsers.›Hdr histogramdata-structures · low: Log-linear bucketed histograms with bounded relative error for latency percentilesFractional indexingdistributed · low: Give every list item a sortable string key and generate a new key strictly between its neighbours, so a move or insert writes one row.›Event sourcingfinance · low: Persist state changes as an append-only stream of immutable events per entity; current state is a fold over them, guarded by expected-version appends.›Bézier curvesgraphics · low: Smooth curves defined by 3-4 control points, evaluated and split with repeated linear interpolation (de Casteljau) and flattened to lines with a closed-form segment count.›Font rasterizationgraphics · low: TrueType/CFF outline parsing and anti-aliased glyph rasterization with hinting/cachingUnicode line breakinggraphics · low: UAX 14 line break opportunities plus hyphenation hooksStrongly connected componentsgraphs · low: Tarjan/Kosaraju SCCs for cycle detection in dependency graphsProcess supervisionhardware-os · low: A parent process starts services, reaps their exits and restarts them under a delay and burst-limit policy, then stops them with SIGTERM before SIGKILL.›WebSocketsnetworking · low: Full-duplex message framing over one upgraded HTTP connection; the standard way to push real-time data to browsers.›Floating-point errornumerics · low: How IEEE 754 rounding error accumulates and how to contain it: compensated (Kahan/Neumaier) and pairwise summation, error-free transformations with FMA, ULP comparisons.›Authorization models (RBAC, ABAC, R…security · low: How to decide who may do what to which object; roles for coarse rules, relationships for sharing, and checks on every object.›Mutual TLSsecurity · low: TLS where the client also proves a certificate key, so every connection carries a verified, rotatable machine identity.›XML Streaming Parserstorage · low: Tokenize XML into start, text and end events in constant memory, so a few fields can be extracted from huge, broken or hostile documents.›Calendar date arithmeticsystems · low: Civil dates, time zones (tzdb), DST gaps, month-end anchoring and duration math+ 10 more techniques+ 47 more primitives

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