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mesh-generator

mesh generation and adaptive refinement

Gmsh, Cubit

SystemTechniques · 9Primitives · 17 mesh-generator B rep topologygeometry · medium: Boundary representation: solids as shells, faces, loops, edges and vertices with geometry attachedDelaunay triangulationgeometry · medium: Bowyer-Watson and incremental flips; maximizes minimum angles, dual of VoronoiNurbsgeometry · medium: B-splines and NURBS curves and surfaces: knot vectors, de Boor evaluation, knot insertionPolygon tessellationgeometry · medium: Triangulate polygons with holes (ear clipping, earcut, monotone sweep)Solid boolean operationsgeometry · medium: Union, intersection and difference of solids: classify, split and merge faces robustlySurface surface intersectiongeometry · medium: Intersect parametric surfaces by marching with subdivision and Newton refinementVoronoi diagramsgeometry · medium: Fortune sweep and jump flooding to compute Voronoi regions and distance fieldsExact geometric predicatesgeometry · low: Robust orient and incircle tests with adaptive-precision floats (Shewchuk) or exact arithmeticHalf edge meshgraphics · low: Half-edge mesh connectivity for editable polygon meshesInterval arithmeticnumerics · low: Rigorous bounds with outward rounding; root isolation and robust geometric testsk-d treegeometry · low: A binary tree that splits k-dimensional points by one coordinate per level, giving fast nearest-neighbour and box queries on static low-dimensional data.›Quadtree octreegeometry · low: Adaptive spatial subdivision trees for queries and level of detail; loose and linear variantsR-treegeometry · low: A balanced tree of nested bounding boxes that indexes rectangles and points, answering window and nearest-neighbour queries by pruning whole subtrees.›Floating-point errornumerics · low: How IEEE 754 rounding error accumulates and how to contain it: compensated (Kahan/Neumaier) and pairwise summation, error-free transformations with FMA, ULP comparisons.›Unstructured mesh representationnumerics · low: Cell-face-node connectivity in CSR form for FEM and FVM meshes; partition-friendly orderingSpace filling curvesgeometry · low: Z-order/Morton (geohash) and Hilbert curves mapping multi-dimensional points to sortable keysBézier curvesgraphics · low: Smooth curves defined by 3-4 control points, evaluated and split with repeated linear interpolation (de Casteljau) and flattened to lines with a closed-form segment count.›Spline interpolationnumerics · low: Linear, bilinear/trilinear and cubic spline interpolation on grids and tablesBounding volume hierarchyphysics · low: Binary tree of nested bounding boxes; prunes overlap and ray queries to O(log n) for any size distribution, and supports cheap insert/remove for moving objects.›Newton root findingnumerics · low: Linearize at the guess and jump to the tangent root; quadratic convergence near a simple root, made robust by brackets (1D) or line search.›d-ary heapdata-structures · low: Array heap with d children per node (d = 4 typical): half the binary heap's depth, siblings in one cache line, faster priority queues.›PRNGs (PCG, xoshiro)numerics · low: Small, fast, statistically strong non-cryptographic generators: PCG32 and xoshiro256**, with seeding, parallel streams and unbiased ranges.›Sparse matrices (CSR)numerics · low: Compressed sparse row stores only nonzeros as row pointers, column indices and values; SpMV streams them once, so it is memory-bandwidth bound.›+ 2 more techniques+ 1 more primitives

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