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loan-origination

loan origination and underwriting

nCino

SystemTechniques · 14Primitives · 60 loan-origination Durable workflow executiondistributed · medium: Ordinary code made crash-proof by logging every side-effect result and replaying the code from that log; activities run at least once, workflow logic must be deterministic.›Face embeddingsmachine-learning · medium: Face recognition embeddings trained with margin softmax (ArcFace, CosFace) and threshold-based verificationGradient-boosted decision trees (GB…machine-learning · medium: Add small regression trees one at a time, each fitted to the loss gradient; histogram splits over 256 bins make it the strongest tabular default.›Layout analysismachine-learning · medium: Detecting page regions (text blocks, tables, figures) and reading order in documentsLiveness detectionmachine-learning · medium: Presentation attack detection for faces: challenge-response, depth/texture cues, replay detectionNamed entity recognitionmachine-learning · medium: Find the character spans of entities in text and give each a type, by labelling every token and decoding a valid label sequence.›Optical character recognition (text…machine-learning · medium: Find text lines in an image, read each crop with a CTC or attention model, then correct with a lexicon and score confidence for review routing.›Mrz check digitsdata-structures · low: Parsing passport/ID machine-readable zones and validating their 7-3-1 weighted check digitsDay count conventionsfinance · low: ACT/360, ACT/365, 30/360, ACT/ACT accrual fractions for interest and couponsDouble-entry ledgerfinance · low: Append-only journal of transactions whose postings sum to zero per currency; balances are derived, so money can only move, never appear or vanish.›Loan amortizationfinance · low: Annuity, interest-only and balloon schedules with exact rounding of the final paymentMoney representationfinance · low: Store money as integer minor units with an explicit currency exponent, compute in wider integers, and round once with a named rounding mode.›Calibrationmachine-learning · low: Make predicted probabilities match observed frequencies: measure with ECE, fix post hoc with temperature, Platt or isotonic scaling on held-out data.›Fairness metricsmachine-learning · low: Disparate impact, equalized odds and calibration-by-group checks for modelsLinear and logistic regressionmachine-learning · low: Fit a weighted sum of features to a number (least squares) or a probability (logistic); the baseline every model must beat.›PDF text extractionmachine-learning · low: Rebuild words, lines, columns and reading order from the glyph positions a born-digital PDF stores, and route pages without usable text to OCR.›Weight of evidence binningmachine-learning · low: Monotone binning and WoE/IV transformation for scorecard modelsFuzzy string matchingsearch-sort · low: Edit distance, Jaro-Winkler and trigram indexes for approximate name and address matchingDual control approvalsecurity · low: Four-eyes / maker-checker approval with quorum policies for sensitive operationsRecord replaydistributed · low: Record every nondeterministic input (time, randomness, I/O, model and tool outputs, per-tick player input) and re-execute deterministically for debugging, replays and state rebuildEvent sourcingfinance · low: Persist state changes as an append-only stream of immutable events per entity; current state is a fold over them, guarded by expected-version appends.›Hierarchical timing wheelsystems · low: Timers bucketed by expiry into wheels of slots, coarser wheels for far deadlines: O(1) insert and cancel for millions of timeouts.›Facial landmark alignmentmachine-learning · low: Detecting facial keypoints and warping faces to a canonical pose before embedding+ 7 more techniques+ 44 more primitives

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