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land-registry

land and title registry

HM Land Registry, Esri Parcel Fabric, Trimble Landfolio

SystemTechniques · 17Primitives · 70 land-registry Durable workflow executiondistributed · medium: Ordinary code made crash-proof by logging every side-effect result and replaying the code from that log; activities run at least once, workflow logic must be deterministic.›Payment state machinefinance · medium: Persisted state machine for a payment lifecycle (authorize, capture, void, refund) that treats timeouts as unknown, retries with the same key and applies webhooks idempotently.›Address geocodinggeometry · medium: Parse, normalize and fuzzy-match postal addresses to coordinates and backPolygon clippinggeometry · medium: Polygon intersection/union/difference (Weiler-Atherton, Martinez) for spatial predicatesOptical character recognition (text…machine-learning · medium: Find text lines in an image, read each crop with a CTC or attention model, then correct with a lexicon and score confidence for review routing.›Levenberg marquardtnumerics · medium: Damped Gauss-Newton nonlinear least squares for model calibrationPdf digital signaturessecurity · medium: CMS/PAdES signatures embedded in PDFs with byte ranges and long-term validationPoint in polygongeometry · low: Ray-casting/winding tests and indexed polygon lookup for reverse geocodingObject storagecloud · low: S3-compatible blob storage at cents per GB-month with 11 nines durability; pick by egress price, request price and latency, not by storage price alone.›Money representationfinance · low: Store money as integer minor units with an explicit currency exponent, compute in wider integers, and round once with a named rounding mode.›Map projectionsgeometry · low: Web Mercator, UTM and equal-area projections, datums and coordinate transformsMap tile pyramidgeometry · low: Z/x/y tile pyramids, quadkeys and overviews for multi-resolution maps and imageryR-treegeometry · low: A balanced tree of nested bounding boxes that indexes rectangles and points, answering window and nearest-neighbour queries by pruning whole subtrees.›Image codecsmedia · low: JPEG (DCT, Huffman), PNG, HEIF/AVIF decoding and encoding fundamentalsAuthorization models (RBAC, ABAC, R…security · low: How to decide who may do what to which object; roles for coarse rules, relationships for sharing, and checks on every object.›Record replaydistributed · low: Record every nondeterministic input (time, randomness, I/O, model and tool outputs, per-tick player input) and re-execute deterministically for debugging, replays and state rebuildEvent sourcingfinance · low: Persist state changes as an append-only stream of immutable events per entity; current state is a fold over them, guarded by expected-version appends.›Hierarchical timing wheelsystems · low: Timers bucketed by expiry into wheels of slots, coarser wheels for far deadlines: O(1) insert and cancel for millions of timeouts.›Idempotency keysfinance · low: Client-chosen unique key per logical operation, stored with a request fingerprint and the final response, so retries replay the first result instead of acting twice.›Exponential backoff with jittersystems · low: Retry after delays that grow geometrically and are randomized, so failed clients spread out instead of hammering a recovering service in synchronized waves.›Hierarchical state machinesystems · low: Nest states so a substate inherits its parent's reactions and only overrides what differs, with ordered entry and exit actions along the path.›Address interpolationgeometry · low: Estimate a house-number position along a street segment from known address rangesGeospatial cell index (geohash, S2,…geometry · low: Map a lat/lon to a 64-bit cell id on a hierarchical grid, so "near" becomes an integer range scan in any ordinary sorted index.›+ 10 more techniques+ 54 more primitives

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